extraÇÃo do colesterol com misturas de diÓxido de carbono e etano supercrÍtico

Clicks: 324
ID: 244079
1997
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Abstract
Existem fatores nutricionais e dietéticos, como a ligação comprovada entre o excesso do colesterol no sangue e doenças cardíacas e alguns tipos de câncer, que justificam as pesquisas de desenvolvimento de tecnologias que reduzam o teor de colesterol dos alimentos. Estudos anteriores demonstraram a viabilidade da utilização de CO2 e etano na remoção do colesterol do óleo de manteiga. O colesterol apresenta maior solubilidade no etano que no CO2; porém, o etano é de maior custo. A utilização de misturas CO2/etano, portanto, apresenta-se como uma alternativa atraente, devido à redução dos custos energéticos e econômicos. Utilizando um aparelho experimental de extração a altas pressões, que permite um controle independente de temperatura e pressão, foram determinadas as solubilidades do colesterol em misturas de CO2/etano supercríticos com 8%, 16%, 34%, 76%, 88% e 96,5% de etano, a 328,1 K e pressões de 120 a 190 bar. Os resultados experimentais mostram um aumento da solubilidade com a pressão e a composição de etano na mistura. Para correlacionar os dados experimentais foi usado um modelo termodinâmico que utiliza a equação de Peng-Robinson com as regras de mistura de van der Waals e a regra que considera o parâmetro de interação dependente da densidade, resultando numa equação de quarta ordem. A regra de mistura dependente da densidade se mostrou eficaz na correlação dos dados experimentais.
There are nutritional and dietary factors, such as those linking excess blood cholesterol to heart diseases and cancer, that justify the development of a technology for the reduction of cholesterol levels in consumed meals. Previous studies have demonstrated the viability of using CO2 for the removal of cholesterol from butter oil. Cholesterol has higher solubility in ethane than in CO2. The use of CO2/ethane mixtures, therefore, presents as an attractive alternative, as a compromise between the higher ethane cost better cholesterol removal efficiency obtained and envolved. Using a high pressure experimental extraction apparatus that allows the independent control of temperature and pressure, cholesterol solubilities in supercritical CO2/ethane mixtures with 8%, 16%, 34%, 76%, 88% e 96,5% of ethane were determined at 328,1 K and pressures from 120 to 190 bar. Experimental results show an increase in solubility with pressure and a composition of ethane in the mixture. Experimental data were correlated with a thermodynamics model that uses Peng-Robinson equation with two different mixing rules: the normally used van der Waals and a rule that considers the interaction parameter density dependent resulting in a quartic equation of state. The density dependent mixing rule reveal more successful in the correlation of experimental data.
Reference Key
saldaa1997foodextrao Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Marleny D. A. SALDAÑA;Eduardo M HOMEM;Rahoma S. MOHAMED
Journal software - practice and experience
Year 1997
DOI
10.1590/S0101-20611997000400009
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20611997000400009
Keywords
caffeine coffee cholesterol alkaloids trigonelline Cafe supercritical extraction foods and food supplytechnology (general) alcaloides

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