Multiple Approaches Detect the Presence of Fungi in Human Breastmilk Samples from Healthy Mothers.

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ID: 108550
2017
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Abstract
Human breastmilk contains a variety of bacteria that are transmitted to the infant and have been suggested to contribute to gut microbiota development and immune maturation. However, the characterization of fungal organisms in milk from healthy mothers is currently unknown although their presence has been reported in the infant gut and also in milk from other mammals. Breastmilk samples from healthy lactating mothers (n = 65) within 1 month after birth were analyzed. Fungal presence was assessed by different techniques, including microscopy, growth and identification of cultured isolates, fungal load estimation by qPCR, and fungal composition using 28S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. In addition, milk macronutrients and human somatic cells were quantified by spectrophotometry and cytometry. qPCR data showed that 89% of samples had detectable levels of fungal DNA, at an estimated median load of 3,5 × 10 cells/ml, potentially including both viable and non-viable fungi. Using different culture media, 33 strains were isolated and identified, confirming the presence of viable fungal species. Pyrosequencing results showed that the most common genera were Malassezia (44%), followed by Candida (19%) and Saccharomyces (12%). Yeast cells were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Future work should study the origin of these fungi and their potential contribution to infant health.
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boixamors2017multiplescientific Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Boix-Amorós, Alba;Martinez-Costa, Cecilia;Querol, Amparo;Collado, Maria Carmen;Mira, Alex;
Journal Scientific reports
Year 2017
DOI
10.1038/s41598-017-13270-x
URL
Keywords
food security food availability family farming production for self-consumption

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