Grain structure control during metal 3D printing by high-intensity ultrasound.

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ID: 84347
2020
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Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals, also known as metal 3D printing, typically leads to the formation of columnar grain structures along the build direction in most as-built metals and alloys. These long columnar grains can cause property anisotropy, which is usually detrimental to component qualification or targeted applications. Here, without changing alloy chemistry, we demonstrate an AM solidification-control solution to printing metallic alloys with an equiaxed grain structure and improved mechanical properties. Using the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V as a model alloy, we employ high-intensity ultrasound to achieve full transition from columnar grains to fine (~100 µm) equiaxed grains in AM Ti-6Al-4V samples by laser powder deposition. This results in a 12% improvement in both the yield stress and tensile strength compared with the conventional AM columnar Ti-6Al-4V. We further demonstrate the generality of our technique by achieving similar grain structure control results in the nickel-based superalloy Inconel 625, and expect that this method may be applicable to other metallic materials that exhibit columnar grain structures during AM.
Reference Key
todaro2020grainnature Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Todaro, C J;Easton, M A;Qiu, D;Zhang, D;Bermingham, M J;Lui, E W;Brandt, M;StJohn, D H;Qian, M;
Journal Nature communications
Year 2020
DOI
10.1038/s41467-019-13874-z
URL
Keywords
heavy metals immobilization electrokinetics aluminum supplementation geopolymerization municipal solid waste incineration fly ashes

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