Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) Filaments Three-Dimensional (3-D) Printer Emissions-Induced Cell Toxicity.

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ID: 54410
2019
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Abstract
During extrusion of some polymers, fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3-D printers emit billions of particles per minute and numerous organic compounds. The scope of this study was to evaluate FFF 3-D printer emission-induced toxicity in human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC). Emissions were generated from a commercially available 3-D printer inside a chamber, while operating for 1.5 h with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or polycarbonate (PC) filaments, and collected in cell culture medium. Characterization of the culture medium revealed that repeat print runs with an identical filament yield various amounts of particles and organic compounds. Mean particle sizes in cell culture medium were 201 ± 18 nm and 202 ± 8 nm for PC and ABS, respectively. At 24 h post-exposure, both PC and ABS emissions induced a dose dependent significant cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, necrosis, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in SAEC. Though the emissions may not completely represent all possible exposure scenarios, this study indicate that the FFF could induce toxicological effects. Further studies are needed to quantify the detected chemicals in the emissions and their corresponding toxicological effects.
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farcas2019acrylonitriletoxicology Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Farcas, Mariana T;Stefaniak, Aleksandr B;Knepp, Alycia K;Bowers, Lauren;Mandler, William K;Kashon, Michael;Jackson, Stephen R;Stueckle, Todd A;Sisler, Jenifer D;Friend, Sherri A;Qi, Chaolong;Hammond, Duane R;Thomas, Treye A;Matheson, Joanna;Castranova, Vincent;Qian, Yong;
Journal toxicology letters
Year 2019
DOI
S0378-4274(19)30284-X
URL
Keywords
inflammatory response emerging technologies in vitro toxicity printer emitted nanoparticles

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