Psychostimulant use disorder and the heart.

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ID: 51831
2019
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Ranked #6 of 124 articles by views in addiction (abingdon, england)

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Abstract
Psychostimulants are a diverse range of substances that encompass cocaine and the phenylethylamines, the latter including the amphetamines, cathinones and some 'novel psychoactive substances'. This paper examines the range of pathophysiological processes, clinical presentations and treatment options involving the heart and cardiovascular system both in the acute setting and where long-term effects of psychostimulant use have affected the cardiovascular system. A common feature of these drugs is their effect on the cardiovascular system, where their major action is that of sympathomimetic amines with short- and long-term stimulation of the adrenergic system and consequent effects on blood pressure, cardiac modelling, atherogenesis and cellular calcium signalling. Cocaine additionally exhibits a variety of prothrombotic effects, effects on inflammatory mediators and alterations in myocardial gene expression. Persistent psychostimulant use results in progressive cardiovascular pathology, largely in the form of accelerated atherosclerosis, hypertension and myocardial ischaemia. Abstinence results in at least partial reversal of pathology. To a large extent, an assumption is made that treatment protocols used for cocaine-associated cardiovascular pathology apply to the amphetamines and other phenylethylamines, but there appears to be little research in this area, despite acknowledgement that cocaine and the better-known amphetamines have different modes of action.
Reference Key
duflou2019psychostimulantaddiction Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Duflou, Johan;
Journal addiction (abingdon, england)
Year 2019
DOI
10.1111/add.14713
URL
Keywords
cardiovascular disease cocaine substance use disorders amphetamines psychostimulants

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