Declines in Pneumonia and Meningitis Hospitalizations in Children Under 5 Years of Age After Introduction of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Zambia, 2010-2016.

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ID: 42640
2019
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Ranked #126 of 531 articles by views in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

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Abstract
Pneumococcus is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis. Zambia introduced a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in July 2013 using a 3-dose primary series at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks with no booster. We evaluated the impact of PCV10 on meningitis and pneumonia hospitalizations.Using hospitalization data from first-level care hospitals, available at the Ministry of Health, and from the largest pediatric referral hospital in Lusaka, we identified children aged <5 years who were hospitalized with pneumonia or meningitis from January 2010-December 2016. We used time-series analyses to measure the effect of PCV10 on monthly case counts by outcome and age group (<1 year, 1-4 years), accounting for seasonality. We defined the pre- and post-PCV10 periods as January 2010-June 2013 and July 2014-December 2016, respectively.At first-level care hospitals, pneumonia and meningitis hospitalizations among children aged <5 years accounted for 108 884 and 1742 admissions in the 42 months pre-PCV10, respectively, and 44 715 and 646 admissions in the 30 months post-PCV10, respectively. Pneumonia hospitalizations declined by 37.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.4-50.3%) and 28.8% (95% CI 17.7-38.7%) among children aged <1 year and 1-4 years, respectively, while meningitis hospitalizations declined by 72.1% (95% CI 63.2-79.0%) and 61.6% (95% CI 50.4-70.8%), respectively, in these age groups. In contrast, at the referral hospital, pneumonia hospitalizations remained stable and a smaller but significant decline in meningitis was observed among children aged 1-4 years (39.3%, 95% CI 16.2-57.5%).PCV10 introduction was associated with declines in meningitis and pneumonia hospitalizations in Zambia, especially in first-level care hospitals.
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mpabalwani2019declinesclinical Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Mpabalwani, Evans M;Lukwesa-Musyani, Chileshe;Imamba, Akakambama;Nakazwe, Ruth;Matapo, Belem;Muzongwe, Chilweza M;Mufune, Trust;Soda, Elizabeth;Mwenda, Jason M;Lutz, Chelsea S;Pondo, Tracy;Lessa, Fernanda C;
Journal Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Year 2019
DOI
10.1093/cid/ciz456
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