Reproducing the stellar-mass dependence of the giant planet occurrence rate with pebble accretion models

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ID: 339525
2026
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Abstract
Abstract The stellar mass dependence of the unbiased giant planet occurrence rate may be the best statistical tool to constrain the formation of such planets. This rate rises and falls as a function of stellar mass, peaking around stars of ~1.7 − 2M⊙. In this work, we carry out a population synthesis study, using pebble-driven core accretion model of planet formation, to investigate the planet formation conditions that may be responsible for this stellar-mass dependence. We use the inferred giant planet occurrence rate of three combined homogenised radial velocity surveys (EXPRESS, PPPS, and Lick giant star survey) to constrain the models. We find that we can produce a synthetic giant planet population with closely aligned occurrence and properties when we base our model on observationally-supported assumptions that accretion rates are higher and disk lifetimes are shorter around more massive stars. We also find that in this scenario, the runaway gas accretion occurs at a larger orbital distance and earlier times as the stellar mass increases.
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Authors Heather F Johnston, Olja Panić, Sabine Reffert, Beibei Liu, Xinghao Ma
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Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag2139
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag2139
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