A Multidimensional Framework of Noncommunicable Disease Determinants among Adult Primary Healthcare Patients in Saudi Arabia: Evidence from the PaRIS Survey

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ID: 339517
2026
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Ranked #174 of 175 articles by views in International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care

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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing public health challenge in Saudi Arabia, placing increasing demands on primary healthcare (PHC). Using OECD Patient-Reported Indicator Survey (PaRIS) data, this study examined NCD prevalence and associated sociodemographic, behavioral, psychosocial, and health-system determinants among adult PHC patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis included 15,376 adults aged ≥18 years with at least one PHC visit in the six months preceding sampling. Participants self-reported NCDs, health behaviors, psychosocial factors, and healthcare experiences. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated, and multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with having at least one NCD, reporting adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Most PHC patients reported at least one NCD. Arthritis or ongoing back/joint problems, diabetes, and hypertension were the most prevalent conditions. NCD prevalence was higher among older adults, individuals with lower educational attainment, and those who were overweight or obese. Difficulty understanding health information was associated with higher odds of NCD. In adjusted models, lower self-efficacy, lower perceived care quality, and access barriers were associated with lower odds of NCD. CONCLUSIONS: NCDs among Saudi PHC patients reflect intersecting individual, psychosocial, and health-system factors. Patient-reported indicators can inform person-centered PHC and Vision 2030 health system transformation.
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openalex_W7225736772 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
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Journal International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/intqhc/mzag187
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