Embryonic egg white-derived peptides–calcium chelate enhances intestinal calcium transport: structural, digestive, and multi-omics insights

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ID: 339162
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Enhancing calcium bioavailability through food-derived peptide-mineral complexes represents an important strategy for improving intestinal calcium absorption. This study converted peptides from day 9 embryonic egg white into a novel peptide–calcium chelate, EEWNPs-Ca. The results showed that calcium successfully coordinated with the functional groups of the EEWNPs (shifting the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) amide I band from 1632 to 1641 cm⁻¹), which transformed the amorphous lamellar matrix into highly crystalline spherical aggregates (novel X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks at 28.32° and 40.54°). In addition, EEWNPs-Ca exhibited sustained calcium release, especially in the intestinal phase. Using a Caco-2 cell monolayer model, EEWNPs-Ca significantly enhanced calcium transport compared with CaCl₂ (6.33 μg vs. 5.09 μg, P < 0.05). Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that EEWNPs-Ca broadly activated the cellular energy metabolism pathways (e.g., oxidative phosphorylation) and increased intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and amino acid levels, creating a favorable microenvironment for calcium absorption. Western blot analysis further verified that EEWNPs-Ca upregulated the expression of TRPV6, calbindin-D9k, and PMCA1b more effectively than CaCl₂. Collectively, while these in vitro findings provide promising mechanistic insights into the design of food-derived peptide-mineral complexes, further in vivo validation is required to confirm their physiological efficacy.
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Authors Chaoya Zhao, FU Chen, Fang Geng, Shugang Li, Xin Li, Yingqun Wu, Peng Luo, Yingmei Wu, Qun Huang
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Journal Food Quality and Safety
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/fqsafe/fyag089
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/fqsafe/fyag089
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