Conservation Displacement in South Africa and Its Repercussions for Traditional Medicine

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ID: 338459
2026
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Abstract
Abstract The establishment of game reserves across Africa came at great costs to Indigenous African peoples through diminished access to using traditional medicine. Colonial conservation mentality held that human presence in game reserves was inappropriate, resulting in thousands of Africans being evicted from their land to create game reserves. During the creation and establishment of the Kruger National Park in South Africa, the colonial administration saw Africans as a threat and labelled them as “squatters” in the land that they had been inhabiting for generations. As squatters, they either had to pay rent to the Crown, or be evicted and lose access to their land and its benefits. Evicted Africans were forced to live outside the borders of the reserve, where they were denied access to wildlife, thereby severing their access to subsistence, and importantly, traditional herbs and other traditional medicines such as botanicals. While there are many consequences of conservation displacement, this chapter focuses on the loss of access to traditional medicines. Traditional medicines are widely used, with the World Health Organization estimating that between 70 and 80% of Developing World populations use traditional medicines. This chapter examines how the establishment of the Kruger National Park impacted Indigenous communities’ access to traditional medicine, and what has been done to remedy this situation. The connections between people and land are highlighted, as well as the social and medical consequences of displacement and colonizing natural spaces.
Reference Key
openalex_W7225150731 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Yolandi Marié Coetser
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Journal Oxford University Press eBooks
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/9780197807262.003.0015
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197807262.003.0015
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