Ca2+-Driven Nanodomain Enrichment And Plasma Membrane Proteome Remodelling Govern Plant Response To Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles

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ID: 337780
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Phytopathogenic outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can elicit protective immune responses and can be utilised for crop protection. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Bacterial Blight of rice, releases OMVs. However, the role of Xoo-OMVs in the Xoo-rice interaction remains unexplored. We investigated the early signalling events underlying the plant's response to Xoo-OMV to gain insight into plant-pathogen interactions. We observed that Xoo-OMVs trigger a rapid, unique Ca2+ signal in rice that is essential for evoking an immune response. By imaging and proteomic analysis of the rice plasma membrane (PM), we found that this Ca2+ signal is required for Xoo-OMV-induced nanodomain enrichment and aggregation of defence response-associated proteins in rice PM. The specific protein assembly in the PM helps the plant defend itself against Xoo. In the absence of the early Ca2+ signal, rice cannot respond effectively to Xoo-OMVs, resulting in a compromised immune response. Collectively, our study shows that rice responds to Xoo-OMVs via Ca2+-signal-induced nanodomain assembly and protein reorganisation at the PM, preparing the plant for an imminent pathogen invasion.
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Authors Ishani Mondal, Hrimeeka Das, Smrutisanjita Behera
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Journal plant and cell physiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/pcp/pcag147
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcag147
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