VvSLR1-VvGAD1 mediated regulation of VvGA20ox4 contributes to GA homeostasis and seed development in grapevine

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ID: 333505
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Gibberellins (GAs) are widely used in grape cultivation to promote berry enlargement and induce seedlessness, but their effects on seed development and the regulatory mechanism remain poorly understood. In this study, exogenous GA3 significantly reduced seed weight in grapevine, indicating impaired seed development. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we characterized the grape DELLA protein SLENDER RICE 1 (VvSLR1). Overexpression of VvSLR1 in tomato caused a dwarf and compact phenotype but had limited effects on fruit and seed development under normal conditions. However, GA3 treatment caused a stronger reduction in seed formation in VvSLR1-overexpressing plants, whereas paclobutrazol (PAC), an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, allowed relatively normal seed formation, indicating that the effect of VvSLR1 on reproductive development is GA-dependent. In grape calli, VvSLR1 overexpression altered GA metabolism and the expression of several VvGA20ox and VvGA3ox genes, suggesting a role for VvSLR1 in GA homeostasis. We further identified GAMETOPHYTE DEFECTIVE 1 (VvGAD1), whose Arabidopsis homolog is involved in gametophyte development, as a nuclear-localized VvSLR1-interacting protein. VvGAD1 associated with the promoter of GA 20-oxidase 4 (VvGA20ox4), and co-expression of VvGAD1 and VvSLR1 significantly enhanced VvGA20ox4 promoter activity. Moreover, heterologous expression of VvGA20ox4 in Arabidopsis increased silique length and seed number, while exogenous GA3 suppressed VvGA20ox4 promoter activity. Together, these findings suggest that VvSLR1 acts as a regulatory node linking GA signaling and homeostasis, with the VvSLR1-VvGAD1-VvGA20ox4 relationship representing a potential regulatory branch involved in GA-dependent seed development.
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Authors Songlin Zhang, Fuchun Zhang, Chuan Zhang, Li Wang, Vivek Yadav, Xiaoming Zhou, Xinyu Wu, Xiping Wang, Haixia Zhong
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Journal Journal of experimental botany
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/jxb/erag535
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag535
Keywords Keywords not found

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