The Synaptic Basis of Memory

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ID: 333077
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Memory formation has long been studied as a consequence of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity; however, the precise neural substrate underlying memory storage remains a fundamental question in neuroscience. Traditionally, memory storage has been investigated from both cellular and synaptic perspectives. Neurons activated during learning, known as memory engram cells, are thought to encode memories through experience-dependent changes in synaptic strength and connectivity. Recent advances have extended this framework by revealing that memory storage depends not only on the recruitment of engram cells but also on the selective allocation and modification of synaptic connections between them, giving rise to the concept of engram synapses. This chapter reviews current understanding of the role of synaptic plasticity in memory formation, with particular emphasis on the molecular, structural, and functional mechanisms that shape memory consolidation. The chapter also discusses emerging evidence supporting engram synapses as a critical substrate of long-term memory storage. Together, these advances provide a framework linking engram cells and engram synapses, offering new insights into how the brain transforms transient experiences into enduring memories.
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openalex_W7223036106 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
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Journal Oxford University Press eBooks
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190069162.013.0023
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