Coherent structures in active flows on dynamic surfaces

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ID: 330707
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Coherent structures—flow features that organize material transport and deformation—are central to analyzing complex flows in fluids, plasmas, and active matter. Yet, identifying such structures on dynamic surfaces remains an open challenge, limiting their application to many living and synthetic systems. Here, we introduce a geometric framework to extract Lagrangian and Eulerian coherent structures from velocity data on arbitrarily shaped, time-evolving surfaces. Our method operates directly on triangulated meshes, is parameterization-free, objective and robust to noise. Applying this framework to active nematic vesicles, collectively migrating epithelial spheroids, and beating zebrafish hearts, we uncover hidden transport barriers and Lagrangian deformation patterns---such as dynamic attractors, repellers, isotropic and anisotropic strain---missed by conventional Eulerian analyses. This approach offers a new perspective on soft and living matter, revealing how geometry and activity can be harnessed to program synthetic materials, and how Lagrangian strain and principal deformation directions can help uncover mechanosensitive processes and directional cues in morphogenesis.
Reference Key
openalex_W7214969534 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Sreejith Santhosh, Cuncheng Zhu, Blase Fencil, Mattia Serra
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Journal PNAS nexus
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag335
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag335
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