217. Impact of Meat-based Raw versus Thermally Processed Diets on Serum Metabolites and Plasma Concentrations of Advanced Glycation End Products in Healthy Dogs.

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ID: 330254
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Studies in rodent models suggest that high circulating concentrations of advanced glycation end products (AGE), including methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone (MG-H1) formed during thermal processing, may contribute to the development of chronic disease. We hypothesized that meat-based pet foods subjected to high-heat processing have greater AGE concentrations than raw pet food, and that these differences are reflected in plasma AGE concentrations in dogs. Eleven healthy adult Beagles [4.5 yr; 11.5 ± 2.0 kg] were enrolled in a three-period (45-d each) incomplete Latin square design study, separated by 14-d washout periods. Dogs were fed one of three diets to maintain body weight (BW): a commercial complete and balanced raw diet (RAW), the RAW diet retorted (targeted lethality value of 10; CANNED), or a commercial complete and balanced canned diet with similar macronutrient composition (CANNED_COMMERCIAL). Based on the analyzed vitamin content of RAW and CANNED, a custom vitamin premix was created and top-dressed onto the CANNED diet during the feeding trial to target similar vitamin intakes between RAW and CANNED groups. Fasted and 2-h postprandial blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of each period. Diets and plasma were analyzed for 10 specific AGE via high-resolution LC-MS/MS after enzymatic hydrolysis. Serum biochemistry profile was assessed in fasted samples. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure (SAS v 9.4) in a repeated-measures model with diet, time and diet×time as fixed effects, square, period and dog(square) as random effects, and baseline as a covariate when applicable. The RAW diet had the lowest concentrations for 7 of the 10 analyzed AGE. Notably, dietary MG-H1 was lowest in RAW (2.9 mg/1000 kcal ME), followed by CANNED_COMMERCIAL (24 mg/1000 kcal ME) and CANNED (54 mg/1000 kcal ME). Similar (P < 0.05) results were found for dietary concentrations of carboxyethyl-arginine (CEA) and carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL). Dogs maintained (P > 0.05) BW throughout the study, and food intake did not differ (P > 0.05) among dietary treatments. Reflecting dietary AGE intake, a diet×time interaction effect was observed (P < 0.05) for plasma MG-H1, CEA and CEL concentrations, with dogs fed canned diets having greater fasted levels and greater postprandial increases than those fed RAW (P < 0.05). While plasma pentosidine, glucosepane, and fructosyl-lysine concentrations were not impacted by diet (P > 0.05), dogs fed CANNED had greater (P < 0.05) plasma glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone and methylglyoxal-lysine dimer concentrations postprandially compared to those fed RAW (P < 0.05). Additionally, dogs fed RAW exhibited lower plasma cholesterol (P < 0.05) and a tendency toward lower alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.0996) than those fed CANNED and CANNED_COMMERCIAL. In summary, dogs fed RAW had lower circulating AGE concentrations than those fed thermally processed diets. Further research is needed to investigate how differences in circulating AGE levels impact long-term health and metabolism of healthy dogs.
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Authors Katelyn Bailey-Wisnieski, Weixin Wang, Yonghui Li, Elisabeth J. Huff-Lonergan, Susan G. Wynn, Shengmin Sang, Júlia Guazzelli Pezzali
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Journal italian journal of animal science
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/jas/skag272.069
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag272.069
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