Genetic resistance confers protection against clinical severity, intestinal colonization, and mortality in weaned pigs experimentally challenged with pathogenic F18 and F4 InPEC Escherichia coli

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ID: 330174
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in nursery pigs, affecting a large proportion of individuals on affected farms, caused by intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (InPEC). Its control requires comprehensive control strategies, including measures to address multidrug-resistant E. coli strains and reduced susceptibility to disinfectants. This study assessed the clinical outcome in two pig lines with distinct genetic susceptibility to enterotoxigenic E. coli: a resistant line (Genotype A) and a susceptible line (Genotype B), following experimental challenge with F18 and F4 (K88) pathogenic E. coli strains. At 7 days post-challenge, F18- and F4-challenged genotype B groups had lower body weight (-2.24 kg and -0.77 kg, respectively) and reduced average body temperature (-0.44 °C and -0.28 °C) compared with genotype A pigs. Genotype B pigs exhibited higher lethargy scores and greater loss of body condition compared with genotype A pigs. Following F18 and F4 challenge, genotype B pigs had 6.72-fold (95% CI 2.56—17.60) and 9.06-fold (95% CI 3.95—20.74) higher odds, respectively, of developing a diarrhea score 3 (liquid feces) compared to genotype A pigs. Genotypes A and B pigs shed the challenge strains after DPI 1; however, genotype B pigs challenged with F18 or F4 had increased odds of heavy shedding (score 4) compared with genotype A pigs, with odds ratios of 1.85 (95% CI 0.98—3.49) and 2.86 (95% CI 1.53—5.33), respectively. Marked distal jejunum and mild-to-moderate ileum colonization were observed in F18- and F4-challenged genotype B pigs, respectively, while no bacterial attachment was observed on genotype A pigs. Survival was significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05) in F18-challenged genotype B pigs and showed a decreasing trend (p = 0.07) in F4-challenged genotype B pigs, while no mortality was observed in genotype A pigs. These findings support the potential use of genetically resistant pigs as a promising strategy to reduce the clinical impact of PWC and warrant further investigation under field conditions.
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Authors Rodrigo C. Paiva, Lucina Galina Pantoja, Justin W. Holl, Ana Paula Poeta Silva, Núbia Resende de Macêdo, Eric Ryan Burrough, Phillip Charles Gauger, Ethan K. Aljets, Hao Tong, Pablo Enrique Piñeyro, Marcelo N. Almeida
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Journal Translational animal science
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/tas/txag148
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag148
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