PS1-27. Effects of Dried Distillers Grains and Whole Cottonseed Supplementation on Growth, Rumen Fermentation, and Immune–inflammatory Responses of Brangus Steers.

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ID: 330091
2026
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Abstract
Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of dried distillers grains (DDG) and whole cottonseed (WCS) supplementation on growth, rumen fermentation, and immune–inflammatory responses of Brangus steers during preconditioning. Seventy-two steers (267 ± 31.3 kg BW) were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments (4 pastures/treatment; 9 steers/pasture): 1) DDG or 2) WCS, supplemented daily at 0.3% BW with ad libitum bermudagrass hay. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge was conducted on day 63 to evaluate inflammatory and immune responses. Body weight was collected on days 0, 28, and 63; rumen fluid on days 0 and 56; and blood samples on days 0, 28, and 63 (0 and 4 hours post-LPS) and day 64 (24 hours post-LPS). Rectal temperature, respiration rate, and sickness behavior were recorded up to 24 hours post-LPS. Pasture was considered the experimental unit, and data was analyzed as repeated measures using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Final BW was greater (P < 0.01) in DDG vs WCS steers (302 vs. 290 ± 1.28 kg). Rumen pH and volatile fatty acid concentrations were not affected (P ≥ 0.45) by treatments. Plasma gossypol was undetectable in DDG steers but increased over time (P < 0.01) in WCS steers. Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 was greater (P < 0.01) on day 63 (0 and 4 h post-LPS) and day 64 in DDG vs WCS steers. Serum insulin was lower (P = 0.04), and cortisol tended to be greater (P = 0.09) in DDG vs WCS steers. Furthermore, DDG steers had greater (P = 0.04) serum urea nitrogen on day 63 (0 hour post-LPS), lower (P = 0.02) cholesterol on day 63 (0 and 4 hours post-LPS) and day 64, and tended to have greater (P = 0.07) non-esterified fatty acids. Moreover, DDG steers had lower (P = 0.01) serum alanine aminotransferase on day 63 (0 hour post-LPS) and greater (P = 0.05) gamma-glutamyl transferase. No other serum biochemistry variables differed between treatments (P ≥ 0.23), and neither rectal temperature, respiration rate, nor sickness behavior was affected (P ≥ 0.45). Several plasma cytokines tended to be greater (P ≤ 0.10) in DDG steers, including interferon-γ, interferon-α, interleukin-1F5, and interferon-γ–inducible protein-10. Additionally, DDG steers had greater (P = 0.01) plasma macrophage inflammatory protein1-β on day 63 (0 h post-LPS) and day 64. In summary, DDG supplementation enhanced growth and promoted a more pronounced immune–inflammatory activation than WCS, while rumen fermentation remained similar across supplements. Although WCS increased plasma gossypol concentrations, no biochemical indicators of liver damage were observed.
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Authors Joao L. S. Abreu, Matheus L Ferreira, Hiam Jardel Marcon, Anuzhia Paiva Moreira, Mateus José Inácio de Abreu, Kelsey Margaret Harvey, Madeline G. McKnight, Bárbara Roqueto dos Reis, Marcelo Vedovatto
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Journal italian journal of animal science
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/jas/skag272.573
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag272.573
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