Tsunami-induced crustal strain: analytical solutions for tsunami observation using fiber optic sensing

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ID: 330002
2026
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Abstract
Summary Fiber optic sensing is now becoming a powerful tool not only for seismic but also for tsunami observations. A numerical model helps interpret the observed records. However, previous models for synthesizing tsunami-induced fiber optic sensing records lack important features, such as azimuthal sensitivity and phase information. In this study, we present an analytical solution for horizontal crustal strain due to tsunami-induced ocean-bottom pressure change. The solution considers the pressure change generated by both tsunami propagation and generation, which enables us to simulate the near- and far-field fiber optic sensing records. We carried out three kinds of numerical computations using the analytical solution: plane wave, cylindrical wave, and a tsunami generated by fault slip. Our numerical experiments show that (1) when ocean-bottom pressure, or tsunami height, is positive, crustal strain becomes compression; when the pressure is negative, the strain is extension, (2) tsunami incident angle strongly affects the strain record; it is difficult to interpret tsunami heights from the fiber optic sensing if we ignore it, and (3) tsunami-induced strain is smaller than the one generated by fault slip, especially around the source region. Based on these results, for more effective tsunami observation by fiber optic sensing, we propose that (1) using a cable perpendicular to the isobath for optimizing the tsunami incident angle and (2) using the time-derivative record after the fault slip terminates.
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Authors Ayumu Mizutani, Tatsuhiko Saito
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Journal geophysical journal international
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/gji/ggag391
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggag391
Keywords Keywords not found

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