Alda-1 Alleviates the Cognitive Deficits in D-galactose-induced Aging Mice by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Mitochondrial Biogenesis

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ID: 329745
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Although mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is involved in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, the impact of ALDH2 on age-related cognitive deficits and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the effects of ALDH2 on cognitive deficits in D-galactose-induced aging mice and illustrate the potential molecular mechanisms. We treated D-galactose-induced aging mice with Alda-1 (a potent agonist of ALDH2) for eight weeks and observed the alterations in behavior, levels of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, mitochondrial function, and expression of mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes. The results revealed that Alda-1 alleviated neuropathological changes in the hippocampus and ameliorated cognitive deficits in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Administration of Alda-1 further reduced the levels of 4-HNE, MDA, 3-NT, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β; enhanced Mn-SOD and CAT activities; increased GSH and ATP levels and mitochondrial content; and upregulated PGC-1α/NRF-1/TFAM expression in the hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging mice. Moreover, in D-galactose-treated HT22 cells, we found that the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 reversed the Alda-1-induced upregulation of PGC-1α, suggesting that the Alda-1-induced upregulation of PGC-1α is associated with SIRT1 signaling. Collectively, Alda-1 ameliorated cognitive deficits in D-galactose-induced aging mice by reducing neuroinflammation, enhancing antioxidative capability, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, and modulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
Reference Key
openalex_W7214311925 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Tengfei Liang, Lixia Wang, Shujuan Kang, Xiaoyan Pang, Hexin Yan
Journal the journals of gerontology series a, biological sciences and medical sciences
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/gerona/glag241
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag241
Keywords Keywords not found

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