Dust Substructures and Line Perturbations driven by a Forming Planet in J16120

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ID: 327728
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Hints of planet formation have been independently reported within the gap of the disc around 2MASS J16120668-301027 from millimetre continuum, infrared, and Hα observations. In this work, we present new evidence for ongoing planet formation based on Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 7 observations, detecting 0.87 mm dust continuum emission together with 12CO (J=3-2) and 13CO (J=3-2) line emission. Visibility modelling of the continuum data reveals an inner disc and two dust rings peaking at 23 and 75 au. The continuum morphology is better reproduced by an eccentric disc model (e ~ 0.1) than by an axisymmetric disc. We further investigate the gas kinematics through modelling of the 12CO channel maps. The residual line-width map shows a localised increase in velocity dispersion at the position of a previously reported circumplanetary disc candidate (deprojected radius ~32 au, position angle ~170○) and along its orbit. This signal is spatially coincident with kink-like features and a transition from sub-Keplerian to super-Keplerian velocities. In addition, the velocity residual map exhibits an arc-like structure extending outward from the planet candidate, while the gas kinematics-despite substantial uncertainties-is consistent with inflow towards the candidate’s orbital radius. The observed increase in velocity dispersion agrees with predictions from planet-disc interaction simulations, which produce enhanced turbulence both at the planet location and along its orbital path. Taken together, the continuum morphology and gas kinematic signatures provide compelling new evidence for ongoing planet formation within the disc gap.
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Authors Anibal Sierra, Andrés F. Izquierdo, Paola Pinilla, Kan Chen, Myriam Benisty, Laura Perez, Teresa Paneque-Carreño, Carolina Agurto-Gangas, Jaehan Bae, John Carpenter, Luca Cieza, Dingshan Deng, Stefano Facchini, Camilo González-Ruilova, Nicolas Kurtovic, Aleksandra Kuznetsova, Carlo F. Manara, James Miley, Álvaro Ribas, Giovanni Rosotti, Miguel Vioque
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Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag1700
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1700
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