The Molecular Mechanisms of Autophagy-Virus Interactions: From Antiviral Defense to Viral Counterstrategies

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ID: 325150
2026
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Ranked #45 of 99 articles by views in FEMS microbiology reviews

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Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular degradative pathway in eukaryotes that exerts a dual regulatory role in the host antiviral defense. On the one hand, as an essential component of the host antiviral defense network, autophagy participates in the direct degradation of viral components, synergistically modulates innate immune signaling pathways including TLRs, RLRs, and cGAS-STING, and regulates adaptive immune responses such as MHC class I/II-mediated antigen presentation. On the other hand, diverse viruses have evolved sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms during long-term coevolution with the host. These viruses target key steps of autophagy, including initiation, membrane nucleation, elongation, maturation, and lysosomal fusion, to hijack or suppress the autophagic pathway and facilitate their replication. The regulation of autophagy by different viruses exhibits remarkable molecular specificity. In-depth dissection of these molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy-virus interactions will provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of viral diseases. This review systematically summarizes the core process of autophagy and its multiple regulatory mechanisms in antiviral immunity. We further highlight how viruses employ specific molecular strategies to target distinct stages of autophagy during infection, thereby hijacking the autophagic pathway to complete their replication cycles and pathogenic progression.
Reference Key
openalex_W7203642543 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Yan-mei Song, Xiaolan Gu, Bi‐Feng Yuan, Xue-jie Yu
Journal FEMS microbiology reviews
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/femsre/fuag039
URL
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