58. Anxiety Symptoms in Concussed Youth Athletes: Factor Analysis of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y)

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ID: 324511
2026
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Ranked #63 of 79 articles by views in archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the national academy of neuropsychologists

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Abstract
Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to better understand the presentation of anxiety symptoms in concussed youth athletes by examining the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y) factor structure along with the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). Method Patients (15-25 yrs) seeking care for a concussion completed the STAI and the PCSS at their first clinical visit. Principal Components Factor Analyses were conducted on the STAI alone and on the STAI and PCSS combined, using Varimax Rotation. Results 295 participants (M=16.72, SD=2.23 yrs) completed both measures within 7-14 days of sustaining a sports-related concussion (M=9.86 days, SD=2.19). Factor Analysis of the STAI alone yielded two factors (KMO=.934, X2=2200, p<.001), retaining all STAI items other than “I feel calm” and “I feel upset”, with the primary factor reflecting reduced response to positive valence items, and the second factor reflecting presence of negative valence items. Factor Analysis of the STAI and PCSS combined yielded seven factors (KMO=.902, X2=3826, p<.001). STAI items presented as two unique factors (negative valence items, low response to positive valence items), with no overlap or shared variance with PCSS factors (Cognitive/Fatigue/Headache, Mood, Sleep, Nausea, Physical). Conclusions Following sport-related concussion, the STAI provides unique clinical information related to post-injury anxiety beyond that represented in the mood symptoms of the PCSS. Clinicians should consider supplementing the PCSS with the STAI for youth and adolescent athletes endorsing mood symptoms on the PCSS.
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Authors G Hill, S Jennings, K Courtwright, M Womble, C Dollar, R J Elbin, P Schatz
Journal archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the national academy of neuropsychologists
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/arclin/acag055.058
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acag055.058
Keywords Keywords not found

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