37. Complex Reaction Time on a Stroop Task by Athlete Status and Sport Type
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ID: 324483
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Purpose To examine whether complex reaction time (RT) differs between collegiate athletes and non-athletes and between dynamic and non-dynamic sport participants, with sex explored as a modifier. Method Seventy-five collegiate participants (18-25 years; 69% female) completed two administrations of a computerized Stroop task (CNS-VS). Participants were categorized as athletes (n=35) or non-athletes (n=40), and athletes classified as dynamic (n=24) or non-dynamic (n=11). Mixed-model ANOVAs examined group, time, and interaction effects for congruent (Complex RT) and incongruent (Stroop RT) conditions, conducted overall and separately by sex. Effect sizes (partial η2) evaluated difference magnitudes. Results No statistically significant effects were observed (p>.05); however, notable effect sizes emerged. For CRT, athletes responded faster than non-athletes at both administrations (Time 1: 536.8±53.8 ms vs 561.9±57.5 ms; Time 2: 538.7±69.7 ms vs 559.6±41.2 ms), reflecting a small-to-medium group effect (F□,□□=3.88,p=.053,ηp2=.05). Sex-stratified analyses suggested male-driven effects, demonstrating a medium-to-large CRT group effect favoring athletes (F□,₂□=3.07,p=.094,ηp2=.13), while female effects were negligible (ηp2≤.02). For sport type, the SRT group x time interaction produced a moderate effect (F□,□□=3.75,p=.061,ηp2=.10), with dynamic athletes slowing across administrations (621.7±62.0 ms to 637.8±93.2 ms) and non-dynamic athletes improving (614.5±91.9 ms to 594.0±58.9 ms). Sport-type effects were strongest among females, who demonstrated medium-to-large CRT group effects (ηp2 =.10) and moderate SRT group and interaction effects (ηp2 =.06-.12). Conclusions Despite absent statistical significance, medium effect sizes suggest athletic participation, particularly dynamic sports, may influence executive processing efficiency. Effects were most pronounced among female dynamic athletes, while male effects were negligible. Findings underscore factoring sport-background and sex when establishing neurocognitive-baselines to improve sensitivity detecting concussion-related deficits in collegiate-athletes. Diverse, large samples are warranted.
| Reference Key |
openalex_W7202081344
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| Authors | A T Owen, W R Cole, L C Ninos, J K Register-Mihalik |
| Journal | archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the national academy of neuropsychologists |
| Year | 2026 |
| DOI |
10.1093/arclin/acag055.037
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| URL | |
| Keywords | Keywords not found |
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