Windows of Opportunity for Genotoxic E. coli in Colorectal Cancer Initiation

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ID: 323002
2026
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Abstract
Polyketide synthase-positive Escherichia coli (pks+ E. coli) has attracted significant attention following the discovery that its genotoxic metabolite, colibactin, imprints distinct mutational signatures in intestinal epithelial cells that are detectable in ∼12% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases. Although these signatures are present in established tumors, growing evidence suggests that colibactin acts early in tumorigenesis, positioning pks+ E. coli as a potential contributor to CRC initiation. Mechanistic studies show that colibactin genotoxicity is highly context dependent and requires direct epithelial contact-a condition that is typically restricted in the healthy adult intestine. Here, we propose that colibactin mutagenesis occurs during discrete temporal windows when host barriers and microbial ecology transiently permit pks+ E. coli-epithelial interactions. These windows may arise during inflammatory disease states or early-life gut development, two contexts that share disrupted epithelial defenses, expansion of facultative anaerobes, and dynamic oxygen gradients. Defining such permissive states will be essential for establishing causal links between pks+ E. coli exposure and CRC initiation and may reveal opportunities for prevention by targeting microbial colonization during critical periods of susceptibility.
Reference Key
openalex_W7171846196 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Jarryd Michael Boath, Luigi Lukas Nardella, Jens Puschhof
Journal Journal of applied microbiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/jambio/lxag192
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxag192
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