Galaxy Populations in Groups and Clusters: II. Conditional Luminosity Functions at Redshifts from z ~ 1 to z ~ 0

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ID: 321945
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Using DESI SV3 spectroscopic group centrals and HSC photometric data, we measure conditional luminosity functions (CLFs) of central and satellite galaxies for red and blue populations in dark matter halos spanning Mh ~ 1012 − 1015M⊙ and 0 < z < 1. HSC depth permits measurements to Mr ≈ −15 at 0.2 ≤ z < 0.5 and Mr ≈ −17 at 0.5 ≤ z < 1.0. We find satellite CLFs evolve weakly over 0 < z < 1. Blue satellite CLFs are well described by a single Schechter function across halo masses and redshifts, with a nearly constant slope of −1.25 ≲ α ≲ −1.2. In contrast, red satellite CLFs exhibit a pronounced faint-end upturn in all halo mass and redshift bins, with little evolution in the faint-end slope (−1.8 ≲ αf ≲ −1.7). The low-mass red sequence was therefore already established in clusters/groups by z ~ 1. The lack of faint-end-slope evolution favors models where the steep upturn originates from early formation processes at z ≳ 2, rather than environmental quenching after infall. Satellite characteristic magnitudes and central galaxy luminosities fade with time. Red central galaxies are consistent with passive evolution, whereas blue-central luminosity evolution is dominated by ongoing star formation. Satellites evolve more rapidly than predicted by simple stellar population models, highlighting environmental effects. Satellite quenched fractions as a function of stellar mass exhibit a minimum at M* ~ 109M⊙ that is consistent across halo masses and redshifts. We discuss possible interpretations of these results and their implications for galaxy formation and evolution.
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Authors Ce Gao, C Li, Houjun Mo, Jiacheng Meng, Ma Qx, X L Yang, Yizhou Gu, Qingyang Li
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag1365
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1365
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