The EBLM Project XVIII. 3D Obliquities of Five Low-Mass Eclipsing Binaries

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ID: 321486
2026
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Abstract
Abstract The formation of tight stellar binaries remains an unsolved problem. There is too much angular momentum in a collapsing and fragmenting protostellar cloud to form a stellar binary in situ with a separation less than an AU, yet thousands of these short-period binaries have been discovered. One indication of a binary’s formation is the angle between the stellar spin and orbital axes — its obliquity. The classical method for determining projected stellar obliquities is the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. This has been applied to 132 hot Jupiters, but only a handful of stellar binaries. Of the binary systems with measured projected obliquities, even fewer have measured 3D obliquities. In this paper, we add five more short-period binary 3D obliquity measurements to the sample previously consisting of one system. We present Rossiter-McLaughlin measurements for EBLM J0239-20, EBLM J0941-31, EBLM J1037-25, EBLM J1141-37, and EBLM J2025-45. These systems consist of an M-dwarf eclipsing an F/G type primary. We combine CORALIE and HARPS spectroscopy with TESS photometry of primary and secondary eclipses. We show that even though the sky-projected obliquities seem to be aligned, there is modest but non-zero spin-orbit misalignment (ψ between 5 and 20○). Our primary stars straddle the Kraft break at ~6250K. We derive the M-dwarf masses and radii to precisions better than 3 %. With the exception of EBLM J0941-31, each system has an inflated radius, exceeding stellar model predictions by more than 5σ.
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Authors Becca Spejcher, David V. Martin, Jake Pandina, A M Zhang, Max Ammons, Wata Tubthong, A. H. M. J. Triaud, Ritika Sethi, Noah Vowell, Adrian J. Barker, P. F. L. Maxted, Alison Duck, Shelby Summers, François Bouchy, M. Lendl, M. Marmier, Vincent Megevand, Francesco Pepe, M. Tewes, Stéphane Udry
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Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag1334
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1334
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