Numerical Simulations of η Carinae II. Reconsidering the Great Eruption of the 19th century

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ID: 321331
2026
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Abstract
Abstract In this paper, we present new two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of the Great Eruption of η Car of the 19th century, which led to the formation of the bipolar nebula commonly known as the Homunculus. Our numericalodels include a high-velocity outflow with a speed of ~ 5 × 103 km s−1 reported in recent observations, which has been interpreted as evidence for a powerful explosive event. In these new simulations, we assume that this very high-velocity material is ejected by the primary star approximately a few years after the Great Eruption. This assumption is supported by recent spectroscopic observations of this astrophysical source, which show broadening of optical lines up to ~ 104 km s−1. Our models show the formation of a central region characterized by very high pressure and density, which inhibits the formation of the inner Homunculus, which is detected in infrared observations. This central region may be related to the bright inner structure observed in optical images of η Car. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the numerical simulations are able to account for the observed morphology and expansion properties of the large Homunculus by incorporating this violent high-velocity flow following the Great Eruption.
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Authors Ricardo F. González, Luis A Zapata, Luisa M Guerrero-Velásquez
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag1335
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1335
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