Mediating effects of body mass index on the association between obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension: a Mendelian randomization study

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ID: 321078
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Background This study aims to evaluate the mediating effects of body mass index (BMI) on the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension using a two-sample multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) study method. Methods Summary statistics from publicly available genome-wide association studies were used for univariate and multivariate MR analyses to estimate the causal relationships and mediating effects of BMI. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main method for effect estimation, with additional methods including weighted median (WME), weighted mode (WM), MR-Egger regression, and the simple mode method (SM). Heterogeneity and pleiotropy in the study were assessed using the IVW method and pleiotropy residual and outlier analysis in Mendelian randomization (MR-PRESSO). Results The odds ratios (ORs) from univariate MR analyses regarding OSA and BMI on hypertension were 1.291 (95% CI: 1.111-1.500) and 1.981 (95% CI: 1.841-2.132), respectively. The multivariable MR analysis showed that the odds ratio for the association between OSA and hypertension was 1.051 (95% CI: 0.943-1.173). Further analysis indicated that BMI played a mediating role in the relationship between OSA and hypertension, with a mediation effect of 0.09 and a proportion of 34.6% (Sobel-test, P < .001). Conclusion OSA is a risk factor of hypertension, and BMI has a mediating effect on the association.
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Authors Deng Kaiwen, Li Qi, Jiang Juxi, Cheng Xianzong, Su Wen, Meng Jingyu, Chen Weizhong, Zeng Ziqian
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Journal American Journal of Hypertension
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/ajh/hpag018
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpag018
Keywords Keywords not found

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