Vernalisation-induced changes to the Arabidopsis circadian clock require Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 and are FLC-independent

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ID: 319009
2026
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Abstract
Abstract In many plant species, prolonged winter cold and seasonal day-length changes align the transition to flowering with spring. This occurs through the vernalisation and photoperiod pathways, respectively. Despite roles for the circadian clock in regulating both pathways, their mechanisms have been mainly studied in isolation and their interactions are not fully understood. We found that vernalisation elicits changes in the circadian clock and this is linked to alterations in several clock-controlled outputs, including photoperiodic flowering. Importantly, vernalisation-induced changes in specific clock genes are stable and persist upon return to warmth, providing the circadian clock with a memory of prior long-term cold exposure. The changes are not systematic and affect specific circadian oscillator genes. This change requires the epigenetic regulator Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), but not the major genetic determinants of vernalisation FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). In contrast to their role in FLC silencing, core PRC2 components but not accessory proteins are required for these changes in the clock post-vernalisation. Our work raises the possibility that long-term cold feeds epigenetic information into the clock as a seasonal response mechanism, potentially preparing plants for the coming season.
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openalex_W7166337929 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Stephanie S I Williams, Miguel Montez, Emily Edwards, Pirita Paajanen, Antony N. Dodd
Journal plant and cell physiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/pcp/pcag088
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcag088
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