Cleaning Galactic foregrounds with spatially varying spectral dependence from CMB observations with fgbuster

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ID: 317650
2026
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Abstract
Abstract In the context of maximum-likelihood parametric component separation for next-generation full-sky CMB polarization experiments, we study the impact of fitting different spectral parameters of Galactic foregrounds in distinct subsets of pixels on the sky, with the goal of optimizing the search for primordial B modes. Using both simulations and analytical arguments, we highlight how the post-component separation uncertainty and systematic foreground residuals in the cleaned CMB power spectrum depend on spatial variations in the spectral parameters. We show that allowing spectral parameters to vary across subsets of the sky pixels is essential to achieve competitive S/N on the reconstructed CMB after component separation while keeping residual foreground bias under control. Although several strategies exist to define pixel subsets for the spectral parameters, each with its advantages and limitations, we show using current foreground simulations in the context of next-generation space-borne missions that there are satisfactory configurations in which both statistical and systematic residuals become negligible. The exact magnitude of these residuals, however, depends on the mission’s specific characteristics, especially its frequency coverage and sensitivity. We also show that the post-component separation statistical uncertainty is only weakly dependent on the properties of the foregrounds and propose a semi-analytical framework to estimate it. On the contrary, the systematic foreground residuals highly depend on both the properties of the foregrounds and the chosen spatial resolution of the spectral parameters.
Reference Key
openalex_W7164993664 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors A. Rizzieri, Clément Leloup, Josquin Errard, D. Poletti
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag1153
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1153
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