On ancient solar-type stars – III

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ID: 317119
2026
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Abstract
Abstract We present the results on a local, complete 42 pc survey of ancient solar-type stars. There are 115 sources among 111 stars. 74 of these are Population II, and 37 are part of the intermediate disc, among the latter 12 being short lived. The resulting unbiased 25:74 fraction of intermediate-disc to Population II stars is in accord with the 6:22 fraction of our former complete 25 pc all-sky survey. The Population II metallicity distribution functions of magnesium and iron average at 〈[Mg/H]〉 = −0.186 ± 0.027 dex and 〈[Fe/H]〉 = −0.550 ± 0.031 dex, the former only −0.162 dex shy of the local Population I enrichment at 〈[Mg/H]〉 = −0.024 ± 0.010 dex. This expresses the efficiency of core-collapse nucleosynthesis upon Milky Way formation, that is, with Population II as a massive source of baryons. In view of the stellar multiplicities, we find that the Population II non-single-star fraction decreases substantially from a two-thirds percentage within 25 pc, to about 45 per cent towards the 42 pc survey limit. Likewise, its hierarchical systems start with a 20 per cent fraction and decrease to about 10 per cent as a function of distance. This implies a considerable number of missing companions to exist towards the survey periphery. There is, in particular, the prospect that the majority of the Population II white dwarf companions is currently unknown. At this point of the census, we have a 20 per cent subset of mass transfer and merged systems or candidates among Population II, yet assess the number of the existing systems to exceed this percentage.
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Authors Klaus Fuhrmann, Rolf Chini
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag1089
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1089
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