A new view of the M104 satellite system: signature of a satellite plane and non-uniformly spread post-starburst dwarf galaxies
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ID: 315664
2026
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Abstract
Abstract We present the next tranche of results of the spectroscopic survey of dwarf satellite galaxy candidates in sphere of influence of the M104 (NGC4594) using IFUM (Integral Field Units for Magellan). Of the ten dwarf satellite candidates observed, we confirm seven are satellites of M104 based on their recessional velocities. This brings the total number of M104 satellites with known recessional velocities to 18. These 18 satellites have a mean absolute velocity relative line of sight velocity of 82 km s−1 which, when normalised by the virial velocity of $v_{\mathrm{vir}}=303^{+21}_{-26}\ \mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$, yields vlos = 0.27. For the 368 M104-like systems from the Illustris TNG100 comsological simulation, this ratio is on average $v_{\mathrm{los}}= 0.56^{+0.18}_{-0.15}$. This implies the line-of-sight velocity distribution of M104’s satellites is unusually cold, which we hypothesise is a signature of a face-on planar spatial distribution of satellites. By fitting the eMILES Synthetic Stellar Population models to high signal to noise spectroscopy of satellite galaxies, we also discuss the presence of unusually young (~109 years), and metal rich ([M/H] ~ 0.0) stellar populations in two satellites, dw1230-1147 and dw1233-0928, which we suggest are post-starburst dwarf galaxies. Both the flattened disk like distribution of these satellites, and these post-starburst galaxies may be linked to a hypothesised merger event M104 experienced ~109 years ago. These findings support a mechanism for the formation of the disk-like distribution of satellites from this interaction, which is among proposed solutions to the satellite planes problem.
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openalex_W7163373757
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| Authors | Ethan Crosby, Mario Mateo, Helmut Jerjen |
| Journal | monthly notices of the royal astronomical society |
| Year | 2026 |
| DOI |
10.1093/mnras/stag990
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| URL | |
| Keywords | Keywords not found |
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