Tracing the outburst decay of soft X-ray transients Aql X−1 and 4U 1608−52 with XSPECT

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ID: 314682
2026
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Abstract
Abstract XSPECT instrument on-board XPoSat mission is a soft X-ray spectrometer sensitive in the energy band 0.8−15 keV. XSPECT has observed several bright neutron star low mass X-ray binaries since launch. Two well known sources, Aql X−1 and 4U 1608−52 which are soft X-ray transients, were observed by XPoSat during the decay phase of their recent outbursts in September 2024 and February 2025 respectively. During XSPECT observations, 4U 1608−52 exhibited a superburst which is a long duration thermonuclear burst, believed to be triggered by carbon burning. We carry out a detailed spectro-temporal analysis of the superburst, tracing its onset, rise, and decay over the next several hours. Using time-resolved spectroscopy, we probe the spectral evolution of the source and find that the persistent emission is suppressed during the superburst and the emission can be described by a gradually cooling blackbody component. The superburst was preceded by a precursor burst which is a normal type-I X-ray burst. We also observe a type-I burst ~5 days after the superburst, indicating resumption of burst activities which is typically quenched after a superburst. Aql X−1 also exhibited a type-I burst during XSPECT observations. The persistent emission of both the sources can be fitted using a combination of blackbody and disk blackbody emission or, alternatively, using a disk Comptonized by an optically thick plasma. Using the latter model, we find a clear flux dependence of the Comptonization parameters, with both the sources exhibiting harder spectra at higher accretion rates.
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Authors Rwitika Chatterjee, Vivek Kumar Agrawal, V P Shyam Prakash, Koushal Vadodariya, Radhakrishna V
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag956
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