Astronomical Determination of the Earth’s dynamical flattening using VLBI observations and IAU 2006/2000 Precession-Nutation Model

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ID: 314542
2026
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Abstract
Abstract The dynamical flattening of the Earth (Hd) is a fundamental parameter in Earth’s rotation theory. In astronomy, this parameter is commonly estimated from the observed precession rate, which is composed of several theoretical components, with the majority of them depending on Hd. However, previous studies considered the dependence of Hd only on the first-order of the lunisolar precession rate due to its dominant role. In this study, we propose to estimate Hd rigorously by considering its dependence on several known components of the precession rate. We also consider the dependence of the main nutation terms on Hd. The value of Hd is estimated directly using the observed CIP coordinates obtained from the IAU 2006/2000 precession-nutation model plus the celestial pole offsets observed by VLBI. Our estimation is Hd = 0.00327380936 ± (5 × 10−11), which corresponds to a difference of 4.54 ppm with respect to the adopted value in the IAU 2006 convention. This value unifies the Hd for precession and nutation theories. In addition, we estimated the so-called frame bias: −16603 ± 8 μas for the X component and −7033 ± 8 μas for the Y component. This is in good agreement with the IAU model. Furthermore, we investigated a long-term variation of J2, which is linearly related to that of Hd using the method developed in our paper. We found that in recent decades the secular variation of J2 generally follows a parabolic trend. This result is consistent with the secular variation of J2 derived from the Satellite Laser Ranging observations.
Reference Key
openalex_W7161966345 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors I N Huda, J-C Liu, N Liu, J Yao
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag953
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag953
Keywords Keywords not found

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