A Historical Account of Islamic Modernist Reformism in the Indian Subcontinent (1857–1947)

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ID: 314383
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Calls for reform in Muslim societies gained a renewed urgency in response to the postcolonial landscapes and Western advancements. Muslim reformers across the Muslim world noted the decline in Muslim power and influence and attributed it to intellectual stagnation. They nonetheless defended Islam’s compatibility with rationality and science. This chapter investigates the thought of these Modernist voices from the subcontinent and their impact on later thinkers who tried to reconcile modernity with tradition. Syed Ahmad Khan, Chiragh Ali, Ameer Ali, Shibli Nomani, Altaf Hussain Hali, Mumtaz Ali, and Muhammad Iqbal sought to reinterpret sources, challenge tradition, and even advocate for women’s rights. This movement evolved from advocating for a liberal Islam compatible with the nineteenth-century Western world to emphasizing a sophisticated Islam linked to Western liberalism. It culminated in rejecting capitalism and Western influence while calling for a return to the era of the rightly guided caliphs.
Reference Key
openalex_W7161935100 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Humaira Ahmad, Muhammad Awais Shaukat
Journal Oxford University Press eBooks
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197532805.013.63
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