Divergent Assembly Mechanisms and Functional Dominance of Ammonia Oxidizers in Lancang River Cascade Reservoir Sediments

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ID: 313954
2026
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Abstract
AIMS: Cascade hydropower development profoundly alters riverine ecosystems, yet how it influences ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in reservoir sediments remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the relative functional contributions, community assembly mechanisms, and environmental drivers of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) versus bacteria (AOB) across seven cascade reservoirs in the Lancang River. METHODS AND RESULTS: We collected surface sediments seasonally and employed quantitative PCR, high-throughput sequencing, and multivariate analyses. AOA amoA gene abundance consistently exceeded that of AOB, and potential nitrification rate correlated significantly only with AOA abundance, indicating AOA functional dominance. AOA communities exhibited higher diversity, stronger spatial structuring, and deterministic assembly governed by environmental selection, while AOB assembly was more stochastic. Dominant AOA (Nitrososphaera) and AOB (Nitrosospira) shifted spatially, with marine-related Nitrosopumilus appearing only in mid- and downstream reservoirs. Water depth and hydraulic retention time primarily influenced AOB, whereas AOA were regulated by C/N ratio, pH, and reservoir age. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that AOA, rather than AOB, dominate ammonia oxidation among canonical ammonia oxidizers in cascade reservoir sediments and that damming-induced environmental gradients drive divergent assembly mechanisms between these functional groups. These findings challenge conventional nitrification paradigms in river systems and provide a predictive framework for managing nitrogen cycling in the rapidly expanding global network of dammed rivers.
Reference Key
openalex_W7160598848 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Bo Yuan, Jiachao Li, Yuan Li, Mengjing Guo, Miaojie Li, Xie S
Journal Journal of applied microbiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/jambio/lxag115
URL
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