ALMA Band 2 line survey of a z = 3.44 clumpy strongly-lensed submillimetre galaxy

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ID: 313493
2026
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Ranked #139 of 900 articles by views in monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

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Abstract
Abstract I present the first molecular line survey of the strongly lensed submillimetre galaxy SPT-S J002706-5007.4 (z = 3.44) using the new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 2 receivers (67–116 GHz), whose commissioning completes ALMA’s full (sub-)millimetre frequency coverage. The broad spectral coverage from 76 to 111 GHz of the observations simultaneously accesses a large suite of molecular and atomic emission lines. I report the novel detections of the lines that were hitherto inaccessible at z = 3.44, CO(J = 3–2) and HNC(J = 4–3), as well as detections of previously-observed CO(J = 4–3) transitions, the neutral carbon line [C i](3P1–3P0), HCN(J = 5–4), HCO+(J = 5–4), and HNC(J = 5–4), with fluxes in line with previous observations. The CO spectral line energy distribution and [C i]/CO line ratios indicate highly excited, dense molecular gas with a strong far-ultraviolet radiation field. The dense gas fraction is estimated at 17 ± 9 per cent, consistent with other dusty star-forming galaxies selected from wide-area surveys. High-resolution Band 7 continuum imaging reveals a clumpy lensed morphology, with star-forming clumps contributing 30–50 per cent of the total emission. With multiple CO lines accessible across a wide redshift range, ALMA Band 2 is uniquely positioned as the premier tool for robust spectroscopic redshifts at Cosmic Noon and beyond (z ~ 1–6), a capability that will be further enhanced by the Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade’s full-band coverage in fewer tunings.
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Authors T J L C Bakx
Journal monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stag931
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag931
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