Three-Dimensional Culture Enhances the Antimicrobial Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 In Vitro

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ID: 313369
2026
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Abstract
AIMS: This study examines the in vitro antibacterial activity of palatal adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PAT-MSCs) and the expression of antimicrobial peptide LL-37, with a particular focus on the effect of three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrillar cellulose-based hydrogel, against Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) harboring stx1 and/or stx2 genes isolated from mastitis milk in Turkey. METHODS AND RESULTS: The antibacterial activity of conventionally cultured PAT-MSCs and 3D-cultured PAT-MSCs (PAT-MSCs-3D) was evaluated against STEC isolates and Escherichia coli ATCC 35150 using quantitative colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. The expression levels of antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-encoding genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR, and AMP production was further validated by immunocytochemical staining. The results indicated that PAT-MSCs-3D exhibited significantly enhanced antibacterial efficacy, resulting in marked bacterial inhibition of all tested STEC strains, with bacterial reductions reaching up to 6-7 log under specific experimental conditions. Molecular and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated increased expression of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in PAT-MSCs-3D compared to 2D cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that culturing PAT-MSCs in 3D conditions leads to a significant enhancement in their antimicrobial properties, which could be linked to the upregulation of LL-37.
Reference Key
openalex_W7161277062 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Mesude Biçer, Esengül Öztürk, Fatma Sener, Süheyla Türkyılmaz, Özkan Fidan
Journal Journal of applied microbiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/jambio/lxag118
URL
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