Roquefortine C Isolated from a Quail Feces-Derived Fungus Exhibits Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonistic and Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activities

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ID: 313365
2026
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Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, regulates the metabolism of exogenous compounds. Pharmacological inhibition of AhR reduces lipid droplet (LD) accumulation and suppresses hepatitis C virus (HCV) proliferation. Recent evidence implicates AhR in the propagation of viruses such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), making it a host factor regulating the proliferation of diverse viruses and an attractive target for broad-spectrum antivirals. To identify AhR ligands with antiviral activity, we screened secondary metabolites derived from fungi isolated from various animals. We identified roquefortine C, an indole alkaloid obtained from quail-derived fungi, as an AhR antagonist. Roquefortine C suppressed LD formation and HCV production in human hepatoma cells. Additionally, it showed anti-HSV-1 and anti-pseudorabies virus (PRV) activities. Notably, our study demonstrated the relationship between AhR and PRV for the first time. AhR ligands could represent potential lead compounds with broad-spectrum antiviral properties.
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Authors Karin Maruyama, Kou Nakamura, Mitsuki Yasukochi, Hirofumi Ohashi, Shogo Nakajima, Shiki Saitoh, Nozomi Mosu, Namiho Suzuki, Chihiro Kase, Naoyuki Aihara, Hironobu Murakami, M. Okada, K. Fujino, Koichi Watashi, Shinji Kamisuki
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Journal bioscience biotechnology and biochemistry
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/bbb/zbag070
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbag070
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