Rapid estimation of non-starch polysaccharides and lignin in monogastric feed ingredients using near-infrared spectroscopy

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Abstract
Fiber composition in protein meals and by-products is highly variable and influenced by plant genetics, environmental conditions, and processing. Therefore, enabling the rapid analysis of fiber in various ingredients can support the inclusion of fiber-rich ingredients in monogastric diets. This study aimed to develop and validate near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations for predicting non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), lignin and related components in feed ingredients. In this study, 628 samples of diverse feed ingredients and by-products were collected globally between 2015 and 2022. Chemical analyses were conducted to determine the NSP content, including total and insoluble NSP, as well as the monosaccharide sugars. Separate assays were also conducted to determine cellulose and lignin content. The same samples were screened by NIRS to predict NSP, mono-component sugars (e.g., xylose, glucose, mannose), as well as cellulose and lignin content. The diversity in raw materials enabled the development of a global NIRS calibration for NSP fractions, cellulose, lignin, and key monosaccharides. Global calibrations achieved strong predictive performance for total NSP (R2 = 0.96; RPD = 4.6), cellulose (R2 = 0.97; RPD = 5.1), and lignin (R2 = 0.90; RPD = 2.8), while monosaccharides were predicted with robust accuracy (R2 typically ≥ 0.90; RPD ≥ 3.0). Ingredient-specific models for soybean meal showed good performance for key fiber components, with insoluble NSP achieving R2 = 0.85 (RPD = 4.5), cellulose R2 = 0.94 (RPD = 4.1), and xylose and glucose calibrations demonstrating strong accuracy (R2 ≥ 0.9). Sunflower meal models also performed well, with total NSP achieving R2 = 0.92 (RPD = 3.3) and lignin R2 = 0.90 (RPD = 3.2), while total xylose and total glucose predictions showed strong accuracy (R2 ≥ 0.87; RPD ≥ 3.0). Rapeseed meal models showed strong performance for insoluble NSP (R2 = 0.93; RPD = 4.0) and insoluble arabinose (R2 = 0.94; RPD = 3.9), while lignin and cellulose calibrations achieved moderate accuracy (R2 = 0.81 and 0.61, respectively). These findings demonstrate the potential of NIRS as a reliable, rapid method for fiber characterization in monogastric feed evaluation. 
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Authors Smith, Adam
Journal Frontiers in surgery
Year Year not found
DOI
10.3389/fanim.2026.1696903
URL
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/animal-science/articles/10.3389/fanim.2026.1696903/full
Keywords Keywords not found

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