Current methodologies to the analysis of morphine and its metabolites in biological matrices

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ID: 310025
2026
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Abstract
Morphine (MOR) is a commonly utilized opioid analgesic in the field of pain management. However, its potential for abuse presents substantial public health concerns. This suggests the necessity for developing an accurate and sensitive analytical method for the determination of MOR and its metabolites in biological specimens. In this review, various analytical techniques, including HPLC, LC-MS, UHPLC-MS and electrochemical sensors, have been applied for the measurement of MOR and its metabolites in biological samples. LC-MS is the gold standard due to its high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, electrochemical methods are also highlighted as a primary analytical approach in this research.
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imported_1768914860_696f7fac23141 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Le, Yanna
Journal Frontiers in surgery
Year 2026
DOI
10.3389/frans.2025.1680414
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