Mesoscopic structure, strain, and volume loss in folded cover strata, Valley and Ridge Province, Maryland

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ID: 308058
1996
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Abstract
In -200 m wavelength folds in Silurian strata ex osed in the western art of the Valley and Rid e Province in Maryland, two morphological I ' y distinct cleavages contri % ute to total shortening.Large solution seams that may cross several beds at nearly right angles define an , pre-folding, cleavage; this early cleavage accommodated at least 1 percent layer-parallel shortening along a northwest azimuth with nearly 10 percent volume loss.Finite-amplitude folding accommodated laterlayer shortening alon a nearly west-northwest azimuth; a second cleavage formed during f old growth in concert with calcitefilled veins, beddin -parallel slip surfaces, and bedding-arallel shear f zones which we cal cleavage-sli zones.Rotation of be s during fold ^ t?amplification yields 18 percent s ortening in the strata we examine in detail, and the later cleavage and cleavage-slip zones together account for 10 to 15 percent of sub^horizontal shortening and 10 to 15 percent volume loss.Total shortening in these strata must be at least 25 oercent (early cleavage shortening profile shortening due to folding), and it may be as much as 40 percent when shortening due to the later cleava e is considered.This magnitude of layer-arallel shortening excee 3 s previous estimates for shortening in Si /' urian to Devonian strata in this region.Furthermore, different azimuths for shortening have not been suggested before for this portion of the belt.Measurements of strain and quantitative analysis of mesoscopic structures across a s mmetrical anticline among these folds suggest fold growth by a simu i " taneous combination of flexural flow and flexural .Flexural slip and flexural flow made different net contributions to fo d growth on the two limbs of the anticline.The number of active bedding-parallel sli zones ap arently increased on both limbs as the fold grew, causing c e anges in t e e bulk behavior of the strata involved in folding.Our stud of strain and mesoscopic structures in this fold su gests that buc ing was the dominant mechanism of folding and that 8 d di erences in evolving mesosco ic structures had consequences for the subsequent development of fol d" s.
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openalex_W2331935449 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Michelle Markley, Steven Wojtal
Journal american journal of science
Year 1996
DOI
10.2475/ajs.296.1.23
URL
https://ajs.scholasticahq.com/article/60710.pdf
Keywords Keywords not found

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