Molecular basis of bacterial resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol

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ID: 306066
2004
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Abstract
Chloramphenicol (Cm) and its fluorinated derivative florfenicol (Ff) represent highly potent inhibitors of bacterial protein biosynthesis. As a consequence of the use of Cm in human and veterinary medicine, bacterial pathogens of various species and genera have developed and/or acquired Cm resistance. Ff is solely used in veterinary medicine and has been introduced into clinical use in the mid-1990s. Of the Cm resistance genes known to date, only a small number also mediates resistance to Ff. In this review, we present an overview of the different mechanisms responsible for resistance to Cm and Ff with particular focus on the two different types of chloramphenicol acetyltransferases (CATs), specific exporters and multidrug transporters. Phylogenetic trees of the different CAT proteins and exporter proteins were constructed on the basis of a multisequence alignment. Moreover, information is provided on the mobile genetic elements carrying Cm or Cm/Ff resistance genes to provide a basis for the understanding of the distribution and the spread of Cm resistance--even in the absence of a selective pressure imposed by the use of Cm or Ff.
Reference Key
openalex_W2098318339 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Štefan Schwarz, Corinna Kehrenberg, Benoît Doublet, Axel Cloeckaert
Journal FEMS microbiology reviews
Year 2004
DOI
10.1016/j.femsre.2004.04.001
URL
https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article-pdf/28/5/519/18126704/28-5-519.pdf
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