Source of bituminous matter in the Devonian and Subcarboniferous black shales of Ohio

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Abstract
THERE are three strata of black shale in the Devonian and sub-Carboniferous series of Ohio, viz: the Huron and the Cleveland shales of Newberry and the Waverly Black shale of Andrews.The latter name, I have followed Meek in replacing by the designation Berea shale.It constitutes the base of the Cuyahoga shale of Newberry.The first of these stl'ata is unquestionably Devonian in age, and the last is referred without dispute to the sub•Carboniferous series.To the same division is referred the Cleveland shale by Newberry, on account of the presence in it of fishes of sub-Carboniferous type.In northeastel'll Ohio the Cleveland shale is separated from the underlying Huron shale by the Erie shale of Newberry, a mass of green and blue shale which ranges from nothing to 1,000 feet in thickness.Dr, Newberry showed, a number of years since, that the Erie shale thinned out as it was followed westward from the northeastern counties, and disappeared altogether in .Huron county, letting the black Cleveland shale down, by overlap, upon the underlying Huron shale, which is also black.I have since shown that it is this compound stra• tum, the Cleveland (Erie), Huron shale, that constitutes the great black shale of Ohio, that extends from Lake Erie southward to the Ohio River and beyond, In central and southern Ohio, at least, it seems impracticable to di vide it., and to refer one portion to the Devonian and anothel' to the sub-Carboniferous, from the lack of characteristic fossils or stratigraphical marks in the fOl'mation, The average thickness of the com-poulJd formation through the State is probably not less than 300 feet.rrhe Berea shale, which directly overlies the Berea Grit, ranges from 15 to 50 feet in thickness, and is separated from the great black shale by an interval of 100 to 150 feet, the interval being occupied by the Bedford shale and the Berea Grit of Newberry.In northern Ohio the uppel' boundary of the Berea sMle is not well defined.In central and southern Ohio, it is sharp and distinct, These several beds of shale contain, as their color indicates, a notable quantity of organic matter.The proportion ranges, according to published analyses, from 8 to 21 per cent, the higher proportion having been found in some phases of the Berea shale.The sources of this bituminous matter have not as yet been made apparent.The presence of conodonts and fish remains
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Authors Edward Orton
Journal american journal of science
Year 1882
DOI
10.2475/ajs.s3-24.141.171
URL
https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-24.141.171
Keywords Keywords not found

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