Notes on the recent volcanic disturbances of Hawaii

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1869
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Abstract
Coan describes the seismic disturbances and eruptions of 1868, including a thorough description of damage done by the earthquake of April 2, 1868. Aftershocks were still being recorded at the time the article was submitted. He reports that much of the southern shore subsided in response to the earthquake, from 4-6 ft at Kalapana to as much as 7 ft at Keauhou. Sea waves up to 20 ft high were measured, and a landslide was triggered in Wood Valley. Coan reconstructs the course of the landslide and infers its mechanism, concluding that it was cold, only moderately lubricated by water, and driven by gravity alone following the initial separation caused by the earthquake. The author describes Kilauea caldera in August 1868 as containing a black ledge 100-600 ft wide, within which the previous central plateau had sagged gently down to a depth of 300 ft. Halemaumau was a pit 3,000 ft across and 500 ft deep, situated within the black ledge. No molten lava was visible. He gives an accurate description of five small patches of 1868 lava on Kilauea9s southwest rift. He gives a good description of the 1868 Mauna Loa southwest rift eruption, comparing it to the entry of the 1840 Kilauea flow into the sea at Nanawale Bay. He disputes Brigham9s (1868b) map, which shows the 1859 lava flow as larger than that of 1855. He describes a peculiar and unexplained rise and fall of sea 3-6 ft every 15 min on August 14-16.
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Authors Titus Munson Coan
Journal american journal of science
Year 1869
DOI
10.2475/ajs.s2-47.139.89
URL
https://ajsonline.org/article/62247.pdf
Keywords Keywords not found

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