Overdiagnosis in Cancer

Clicks: 3
ID: 292012
2010
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Abstract
This article summarizes the phenomenon of cancer overdiagnosis-the diagnosis of a "cancer" that would otherwise not go on to cause symptoms or death. We describe the two prerequisites for cancer overdiagnosis to occur: the existence of a silent disease reservoir and activities leading to its detection (particularly cancer screening). We estimated the magnitude of overdiagnosis from randomized trials: about 25% of mammographically detected breast cancers, 50% of chest x-ray and/or sputum-detected lung cancers, and 60% of prostate-specific antigen-detected prostate cancers. We also review data from observational studies and population-based cancer statistics suggesting overdiagnosis in computed tomography-detected lung cancer, neuroblastoma, thyroid cancer, melanoma, and kidney cancer. To address the problem, patients must be adequately informed of the nature and the magnitude of the trade-off involved with early cancer detection. Equally important, researchers need to work to develop better estimates of the magnitude of overdiagnosis and develop clinical strategies to help minimize it.
Reference Key
openalex_W2168133848 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors H. Gilbert Welch, William C. Black
Journal JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Year 2010
DOI
10.1093/jnci/djq099
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq099
Keywords Keywords not found

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