The complement system and kidney cancer: pathogenesis to clinical applications.

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ID: 281609
2025
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Abstract
Kidney cancer poses unique clinical challenges because of its resistance to conventional treatments and its tendency to metastasize. The kidney is particularly susceptible to dysfunction of the complement system, an immune network that tumors often exploit. Recent discoveries have highlighted that the complement system not only plays a crucial role in immune surveillance and defense in the circulatory system, but also functions intracellularly and autonomously. This concept has shifted the focus of investigation toward understanding how complement proteins influence cancer progression by regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME), cell signaling, proliferation, metabolism, and the immune response. With the complement system and its inhibitors emerging as a promising new class of immunotherapeutics and potential complement-targeted treatments advancing through development pipelines and clinical trials, this Review provides a timely examination of how harnessing the complement system could lead to effective tumor treatments and how to strategically combine complement inhibitors with other cancer treatments, offering renewed hope in the fight against kidney cancer.
Reference Key
aalinkeel2025the Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Aalinkeel, Ravikumar; Quigg, Richard J; Alexander, Jessy
Journal The Journal of clinical investigation
Year 2025
DOI
10.1172/JCI188351
URL
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