Use of remote sensing to identify spatial risk factors for malaria in a region of declining transmission: a cross-sectional and longitudinal community survey

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ID: 261061
2011
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Abstract
The burden of malaria has decreased dramatically within the past several years in parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Further malaria control will require targeted control strategies based on evidence of risk. The objective of this study was to identify environmental risk factors for malaria transmission using remote sensing technologies to guide malaria control interventions in a region of declining burden of malaria. Satellite images were used to construct a sampling frame for the random selection of households enrolled in prospective longitudinal and cross-sectional surveys of malaria parasitaemia in Southern Province, Zambia. A digital elevation model (DEM) was derived from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission version 3 DEM and used for landscape characterization, including landforms, elevation, aspect, slope, topographic wetness, topographic position index and hydrological models of stream networks. A total of 768 individuals from 128 randomly selected households were enrolled over 21 months, from the end of the rainy season in April 2007 through December 2008. Of the 768 individuals tested, 117 (15.2%) were positive by malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Individuals residing within 3.75 km of a third order stream were at increased risk of malaria. Households at elevations above the baseline elevation for the region were at decreasing risk of having RDT-positive residents. Households where new infections occurred were overlaid on a risk map of RDT positive households and incident infections were more likely to be located in high-risk areas derived from prevalence data. Based on the spatial risk map, targeting households in the top 80th percentile of malaria risk would require malaria control interventions directed to only 24% of the households. Remote sensing technologies can be used to target malaria control interventions in a region of declining malaria transmission in southern Zambia, enabling a more efficient use of resources for malaria elimination.
Reference Key
moss2011malariause Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors William J Moss;Harry Hamapumbu;Tamaki Kobayashi;Timothy Shields;Aniset Kamanga;Julie Clennon;Sungano Mharakurwa;Philip E Thuma;Gregory Glass;William J Moss;Harry Hamapumbu;Tamaki Kobayashi;Timothy Shields;Aniset Kamanga;Julie Clennon;Sungano Mharakurwa;Philip E Thuma;Gregory Glass;
Journal malaria journal
Year 2011
DOI
doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-163
URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-163
Keywords
Microbiology public health entomology infectious diseases tropical medicine parasitology National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI NLM MEDLINE humans pubmed abstract nih national institutes of health national library of medicine research support non-u.s. gov't adult adolescent young adult Child preschool risk factors Cross-Sectional Studies malaria / epidemiology* longitudinal studies data collection geography william j moss zambia / epidemiology remote sensing technology / methods* pmid:21663661 pmc3123248 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-163 harry hamapumbu gregory glass malaria / transmission parasitemia / epidemiology*

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