pacientes, médicos y enfermeros: tres puntos de vista distintos sobre una misma realidad. actitudes y percepciones ante los derechos de los pacientes patients, physicians and nurses: three different points of view on the same issue. attitudes to and perceptions of patient rights
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ID: 253766
2006
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Abstract
Objetivos: Analizar las actitudes y las percepciones de pacientes, médicos y enfermeros respecto a los derechos de los pacientes en el ámbito de los hospitales públicos del sector sanitario de Reus (Tarragona). Métodos: Análisis cualitativo, mediante grupos focales de profesionales sanitarios (médicos y enfermeros) y usuarios dados de alta, seguido de 3 encuestas dirigidas a cada uno de estos colectivos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los resultados y de las diferencias entre colectivos. Se utilizó el análisis de componentes principales categóricos para reducir el número de dimensiones y revelar las relaciones existentes entre las diversas variables. Resultados: Ex pacientes y enfermeros identifican los «derechos a la información» y «autonomía del paciente» como los más importantes, mientras que para los médicos las 2 dimensiones más importantes son «derecho a la autonomía» y «derecho a la formulación de la opinión del paciente». Una minoría de pacientes es refractaria a la toma de decisiones. Las mujeres, los más jóvenes y los niveles de educación altos son más favorables al respeto a la autonomía del paciente. Hay posiciones menos favorables a las visiones «autonomistas» por parte de los pacientes, en comparación con las visiones más favorables por parte de los médicos y radicalmente partidarias por parte de los enfermeros. Conclusiones: Los derechos de los pacientes no son suficientemente conocidos y el derecho a la información es valorado como más importante que el derecho al ejercicio de la autonomía. Ex pacientes, médicos y enfermeros tienen actitudes y percepciones diferentes frente a situaciones similares.
Objectives: To analyze patients', physicians' and nurses' attitudes to and perceptions of patient rights in the public hospitals of the Reus health district in Catalonia (Spain). Methods: We performed a qualitative analysis, through focus groups composed of health professionals (physicians and nurses) and discharged patients, followed by three surveys aimed at physicians, nurses, and patients. A descriptive analysis was performed of the results and of the differences among the three collectives. A principal components analysis for categorical data was used to reduce the number of dimensions and to reveal the associations among the different variables. Results: Among discharged patients and nurses, the most important patient rights were «the right to information» and «patient autonomy», whereas among physicians, the most important dimensions were the «right to autonomy» and «the patient's right to form an opinion». A minority of patients was reluctant to participate in decision-making. The groups with the most favorable attitudes to exercising patient autonomy were women, younger patients, and those with the highest educational level. Patients were less in favor of patient autonomy than physicians while nurses had the most radical attitudes in favor of patient autonomy. Conclusions: Patient's rights are not sufficiently well known, and the right to information is valued more highly than the right to exercise autonomy. Discharged patients, physicians and nurses have different attitudes to and perceptions of the same issue.
Objectives: To analyze patients', physicians' and nurses' attitudes to and perceptions of patient rights in the public hospitals of the Reus health district in Catalonia (Spain). Methods: We performed a qualitative analysis, through focus groups composed of health professionals (physicians and nurses) and discharged patients, followed by three surveys aimed at physicians, nurses, and patients. A descriptive analysis was performed of the results and of the differences among the three collectives. A principal components analysis for categorical data was used to reduce the number of dimensions and to reveal the associations among the different variables. Results: Among discharged patients and nurses, the most important patient rights were «the right to information» and «patient autonomy», whereas among physicians, the most important dimensions were the «right to autonomy» and «the patient's right to form an opinion». A minority of patients was reluctant to participate in decision-making. The groups with the most favorable attitudes to exercising patient autonomy were women, younger patients, and those with the highest educational level. Patients were less in favor of patient autonomy than physicians while nurses had the most radical attitudes in favor of patient autonomy. Conclusions: Patient's rights are not sufficiently well known, and the right to information is valued more highly than the right to exercise autonomy. Discharged patients, physicians and nurses have different attitudes to and perceptions of the same issue.
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| Authors | ;Joan Guix Oliver;Joan Fernández Ballart;Joan Sala Barbany |
| Journal | cognition and emotion |
| Year | 2006 |
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