prevalencia de diabetes mellitus y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población adulta de la comunidad de madrid: estudio predimerc prevalence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk factors in the adult population of the autonomous region of madrid (spain): the predimerc study

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ID: 253345
2010
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Abstract
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diabetes y los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población adulta de la Comunidad de Madrid. Material y método: Estudio transversal de base poblacional en el año 2007. Se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria representativa de la población de 30-74 años, con un tamaño muestral fijo para cada estrato de edad, ponderando los resultados según la estructura por edad de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se realizó una encuesta telefónica. Posteriormente, en el centro de salud se efectuó la exploración física y la extracción de sangre en ayunas para determinar la glucemia, el colesterol y las fracciones lipídicas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 2.268 personas con una edad media de 48,3 años; el 52% eran mujeres. La tasa de respuesta fue del 56,4%. El 8,1% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 7,0-8,9) de la población presenta diabetes y el 5,9% (IC95%: 4,8-6,1) una glucemia basal alterada. El 29,3% (IC95%: 27,3-31,5) tiene hipertensión arterial y el 23,3% (IC 95%: 21,4-25,2) hipercolesterolemia. El 22,8% (IC95%: 20,8-25,0) presenta sobrepeso de grado II, el 21,7% (IC95%: 19,8-23,6) obesidad y el 23,9% (IC95%: 21,8-26,1) obesidad abdominal. El 85,5% (IC95%: 83,1-87,1) eran sedentarios en tiempo libre y el 28,4% (IC95%: 26,3-30,3) fumadores. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus en la Comunidad de Madrid se sitúa en una posición intermedia con respecto a otras comunidades autónomas. Los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular tienen una elevada prevalencia. El sobrepeso de grado II y la obesidad, que afectan a 4,5 de cada 10 adultos, representan una prioridad de intervención en la prevención de la diabetes y la enfermedad cardiovascular.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of diabetes and major cardiovascular risk factors in the adult population of the autonomous region of Madrid (Spain). Material and method: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in 2007. A random sample of the population aged 30-74 years old was selected. A fixed sample size per age stratum was assigned, weighted by the real age-specific distribution of the population of the autonomous region of Madrid. An epidemiological survey was conducted by telephone. Subsequently, physical examination was performed and a fasting blood sample was taken in the health center for glucose, cholesterol and lipid fraction determinations. Results: We included 2268 people with a mean age of 48.3 years old (52% women). The response rate was 56.4%. Diabetes was found in 8.1% (95%CI: 7.0-8.9) of the adult population and impaired fasting glucose was found in 5.9% (95%CI: 4.8-6.1). The prevalence of risk factors was as follows: hypertension in 29.3% (95%CI: 27.3-31.5), hypercholesterolemia in 23.3% (95%CI: 21.8-26.1), overweight grade II in 22.8% (20.8-25.0), obesity in 21.7% (95%CI: 19.8-23.6), and central obesity in 23.9% (95%CI: 21.8-26.1). A total of 85.5% (95%CI: 83.1-87.1) were sedentary in their leisure time and 28.4% (95%CI: 26.3-30.3) were smokers. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes in the autonomous region of Madrid is intermediate in relation to other regions of Spain. Cardiovascular risk factors are highly prevalent, and are higher in men than in women. Overweight and obesity, affecting 4.5 out of every 10 adults, should be considered a priority for health interventions in cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Authors ;Elisa Gil Montalbán;Belén Zorrilla Torras;Honorato Ortiz Marrón;Mercedes Martínez Cortés;Encarnación Donoso Navarro;Pedro Nogales Aguado;Hermenegildo de la Calle Blasco;María José Medrano Albero;Ignacio Cuadrado Gamarra
Journal cognition and emotion
Year 2010
DOI
DOI not found
URL
http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-91112010000300010
Keywords
prevalence Epidemiology blood pressure diabetes mellitus cardiovascular risk factors cholesterol prevalência epidemiología tabaquismo

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